Lionel Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild (1868-1937), was a multifaceted figure-a British zoologist, collector, and politician. As the eldest son of Nathan Mayer Rothschild, he inherited titles and wealth. His passion for zoology led him to establish the Rothschild Natural History Museum in Tring, Hertfordshire, where he meticulously curated an extensive collection of bird and mammal specimens from around the world. Rothschild’s boyhood interest in insects evolved into a lifelong pursuit, encompassing not only entomology but also ornithology and mammalogy. In 1889, Rothschild established the museum, which opened to the public in 1892. The museum showcased specimens representing the vast diversity of the animal kingdom, with a particular focus on birds and insects. As a naturalist, Rothschild corresponded with researchers worldwide and had collectors operating across the globe. His passion extended to hybrids and color aberrations. Notably, he authored the monumental work Extinct Birds (1907), which included life-size illustrations, including a striking painting of the giant moa, Dinornis ingens. Additionally, Rothschild’s ornithological library, containing nearly 30,000 monographs, remains the most comprehensive in the world. His dedication to natural history left an indelible mark on scientific exploration and education.